TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part One: Introduction

1. Learning and Behavior

            A. The Language of Learning and Behavior

            B. Antecedents, Behavior, Consequences

2.  A Behavior Taxonomy

            A. The Observation of Behavior

            B. The Presentation of Stimuli

            C. Consequential Operations

            D. Signaling or Stimulus-Control Operations

            E. Establishing the Effectiveness of Consequences

Part Two: Behavior Without Learning

3. Evolution and Behavior

A. The Nature of Evolution

B. Phlyogeny, Ontogeny and Behavior

4.      Elicited and Emitted Behavior

A. The Reflex: Elicitation

B. From Elicited to Emitted Behavior

Part Three: Learning Without Words

5.      Consequences of Responding: Reinforcement

A. Reinforcemente and Extinction

B. Reinforcers as Opportunities for Behavior

6.      Consedquences of Responding: Aversive Control

A. Punishment

B. Negative Reinforcement: Escape and Avoidance

7.      Operants: The Selection of Behavior

A. Shaping: Differential Reinforcement of Successive Approximations

B. Differentiation and Induction

C. Operant Structure

8.  Discriminated Operants: Stimulus Control

A. The Nature of Discriminated Operants

B. Animal Cognition

9. Conditional Discrimination and Higher-Order Classes

A. Relational Stimulus Dimensions

B. Higher-Order Classes of Behavior

10.  Reinforcement Schedules

A. Variable-Ratio and Variable-Interval Schedules

B. Fixed-Ratio and Fixed-Interval Schedules

11.  Schedule Combinations: Behavior Synthesis

A. Multiple and Mixed Schedules

B. Chained, Tandem and Second-Order Schedules

C. Concurrent Schedules

12.  Respondent Behavior: Conditioning

A. Conditional Reflexes

B. Operant-Respondent Interactions: Emotion

C. Biological Constraints on Learning

13.  Social Learning

A. Kind of Social Contingencies

B. Recapitulation

Part Four: Learning With Words

14.  Verbal Behavior: Language Function

A. Correspondences Between Vocal and Written Classes

B. Intraverbal Behavior

C. The Contact of Verbal Behavior With the Environment

D. Verbal Behavior Conditional Upon Verbal Behavior

15. Verbal Behavior and Nonverbal Behavior

A. The Consequences of Verbal Behavior

B. Verbally Governed and Contingency-Shaped Behavior

C. Correspondences Between Saying and Doing

D. The Listener's or Reader's Behavior

E. Verbal Behavior and Nonhuman Language

16.  Psycholinguistics: Language Structure

A. Syntax: The Grammatical Structure of Language

B. Semantics: The Meaning of Verbal Units

C. Some Properties of Language

17. Verbal Learning and Transfer

A. Verbal Learning Procedures

B. Transfer

18. The Functions of Remembering

A. Mnemonics

B. The Metaphor of Storage, Retention and Retrieval

C. Metamemory

19.  The Structure of Remembering

A. Iconic Memory: The Persisting Effects of Stimuli

B. Short-Term Memory: The Role of Rehearsal

C. Long-Term Memory: Interference and Forgetting

D. The Structure of Memory: What is Remembered?
20. Cognition and Problem Solving

A. Cognitive Processes

B. Problem Solving

Part Five: Conclusion

21.  Structure and Function in Learning

A. Two Psychologies of Learning: A Capsule History

B. Structure and Function

C. Learning and Evolution

D. Behavior Analysis and Behavior Synthesis

Glossary

Acknowledgements

References